SAHETI, The Great Exodus

English Transcript

Full transcript of all text, instructions, and content used in the English version of the game.

1. Game Instructions

What is this game?

The Great Exodus is a cooperative historical board game based on the Siege of Missolonghi (1825-1826) during the Greek War of Independence. Players take on the roles of defenders — Fighters, Civilians, or Philhellenes — and work together to gather resources and organize a successful Exodus from the besieged city, while learning about the heroes and events of the era.

How to Play

  1. Setup: At least 2 players enter names and choose roles. An opponent (Ottoman general) is added automatically.
  2. Preparation Phase (4 mini-games): The team competes against the opponent in 4 challenges — Food, Ammunition, Intelligence, and Fighters. Each win earns resources. After each challenge, an event card appears followed by a historical card.
  3. Exodus Phase (Race to 100): The team and opponent start at different positions on a track. Each player rolls dice and answers a quiz question about the Siege. Correct answer = +5 positions, wrong = -2 positions. The opponent rolls automatically after each round.
  4. End: Statistics and reflection questions are displayed.

How to Win

  • Victory: Your team reaches position 100 before the opponent.
  • Defeat: The opponent reaches 100 first, or your team position drops to 0.
  • Resources gathered during Preparation determine your starting position in the Exodus.

2. Player Roles

⚔️

Fighter

Ability: +1 bonus to combat rolls in Exodus

Special: Recruit on 4-6 instead of 5-6 in preparation

🏠

Civilian

Ability: Generates +1 Food during preparation

Special: Starts dice race with +3 head start

🌐

Philhellene

Ability: Once per game: cancel negative event OR gain +1 Intelligence

Special: Gets odd/even hint during intel guess

3. Preparation Event Cards

Famine

prep-1

The besieged had been deprived of food for months; many families died or weakened.

Lose 1 Food

Historical: The 12-month siege led to severe food shortages, causing many deaths within the city.

Philhellene Support

prep-2

European Philhellenes offer supplies, military advice and moral support.

Gain +1 Ammunition

Historical: Lord Byron, Johann Jakob Mayer, and others contributed enormously to the defense of Missolonghi.

Secret Passages

prep-3

The besieged used paths and underground passages to avoid the opponent.

Gain +1 Food

Historical: Underground passages and secret routes were used to move supplies and people during the siege.

Spy Network

prep-4

Local informants report on Ottoman troop movements, revealing gaps in the blockade.

Gain +1 Intelligence

Historical: Greek spies and sympathizers gathered crucial intelligence about opponent positions.

Disease Outbreak

prep-5

Illness spreads through the overcrowded city. Fighters are weakened.

Lose 1 Active Fighter

Historical: Disease was rampant during the siege due to poor sanitation and overcrowding.

Morale Boost

prep-6

News of Greek victories elsewhere in the revolution lifts spirits.

Gain +1 Active Fighter

Historical: Greek successes in other parts of the revolution inspired the defenders to keep fighting.

Ammunition Shortage

prep-7

Defending the walls has depleted ammunition stores. Supplies are critically low.

Lose 1 Ammunition

Historical: The prolonged siege made resupply impossible, forcing defenders to ration ammunition.

Hidden Supplies

prep-8

A hidden cache of supplies is discovered beneath a ruined building.

Gain +1 Food and +1 Ammunition

Historical: Supplies were often hidden throughout the city to prevent total loss during raids.

Storm

prep-9

A fierce storm batters the city, damaging defenses but also slowing the opponent.

No resource change

Historical: Weather conditions during the siege alternately helped and hindered both sides.

Heroes of 1821

prep-10

Inspired by the heroes of the Greek Revolution, new fighters join the defense of Missolonghi.

Gain +1 Active Fighter, Lose 1 Food

Historical: Markos Botsaris, a Souliote war leader, was one of the greatest heroes of the Greek Revolution. His fame inspired the defenders of Missolonghi.

4. Exodus Event Cards

Betrayal

exo-1

Some groups tried to escape earlier but were detected, increasing danger for everyone.

Lose 1 Intelligence

Historical: The exodus plan was betrayed on April 10-11, 1826, leading to the Turco-Egyptian forces being prepared.

Ottoman Patrol

exo-2

A patrol spots movement near the gates. The opponent is on high alert.

Lose 1 Ammunition

Historical: Ottoman patrols were constant during the siege, making any movement dangerous.

Moonless Night

exo-3

Total darkness provides cover for movement but makes navigation treacherous.

No resource change

Historical: The exodus was planned for a dark night to maximize concealment from opponent forces.

Friendly Fire

exo-4

In the chaos of the escape, defenders mistake each other for opponents.

Lose 1 Active Fighter

Historical: The confusion during the exodus led to tragic incidents of friendly fire.

Reinforcements

exo-5

A small band of fighters who were hiding outside the city joins the escape.

Gain +1 Active Fighter

Historical: Some Greek fighters positioned outside Missolonghi tried to aid the escaping defenders.

Supply Cache

exo-6

A pre-positioned supply cache along the escape route is found intact.

Gain +1 Food

Historical: Some supplies had been hidden along planned escape routes in advance.

Opponent Ambush

exo-7

Ottoman soldiers spring an ambush from behind a hillside.

Lose 1 Food and 1 Ammunition

Historical: The Egyptian-Turkish forces had prepared ambush points along likely escape routes.

Hope of Freedom

exo-8

The sight of the hills beyond the siege lines fills everyone with renewed determination.

Gain +1 Intelligence

Historical: The hope of freedom beyond the siege lines drove the defenders forward despite impossible odds.

Collapsing Path

exo-9

The escape route through old trenches partially collapses, slowing progress.

Lose 1 Food

Historical: The terrain around Missolonghi was marshy and unstable, complicating any movement.

Brave Sacrifice

exo-10

A small group of fighters volunteers to create a diversion, drawing opponent attention.

Lose 1 Active Fighter, Gain +1 Intelligence

Historical: Many defenders sacrificed themselves to give others a chance to escape during the Exodus.

Foreign Ship Sighting

exo-11

A European ship is spotted offshore, offering potential rescue for those who reach the coast.

Gain +1 Food

Historical: European ships occasionally tried to break the naval blockade to aid Missolonghi.

Cannon Fire

exo-12

Ottoman cannons open fire on the fleeing defenders. The ground shakes.

Lose 1 Ammunition

Historical: Artillery played a devastating role during the fall and exodus of Missolonghi.

5. Historical Cards

Civilians

Women and Children of Missolonghi

civilian1825–1826

The women and children of Missolonghi played a critical role in the city's defense, carrying ammunition, food and water to the fighters, while many fought on the walls themselves.

Effect: +1 Food

Greek Defenders

Athanasios Razikotsikas

defender1780–1826

Athanasios Razikotsikas was one of the most heroic leaders of the exodus. He led the fighters in the final charge and sacrificed himself to save the others.

Effect: +1 Fighter

Markos Botsaris

defender1790–1823

Markos Botsaris, a Souliote war leader, was one of the greatest heroes of the Greek Revolution. He was killed in a night attack at Karpenisi in 1823, but his fame inspired the defenders.

Effect: +1 Ammunition

Lambros Tzavellas

defender1786–1845

Lambros Tzavellas was a Souliote chieftain who distinguished himself in the defense of Missolonghi. He led many sorties and counterattacks against the Turks.

Effect: +1 Intelligence

Kitsos Deligeorgis

defender1800–1862

Kitsos Deligeorgis was one of the key organizers of the exodus. He managed to escape with a group of fighters and continued the struggle after the fall of Missolonghi.

Effect: +1 Food

Christos Kapsalis (Drakos)

defender1790–1826

Christos Kapsalis, known as Drakos, blew himself up along with opponents during the fall of Missolonghi, in an act of self-sacrifice that remained in history.

Effect: +1 Fighter

Philhellenes

Lord Byron

philhellene1788–1824

Lord Byron, the great British poet, came to Missolonghi in 1824 to aid the Greek cause. He died of fever in April 1824, but his sacrifice inspired all of Europe.

Effect: +1 Intelligence

Johann Jakob Mayer

philhellene1798–1826

Swiss Philhellene Johann Jakob Mayer fought at Missolonghi and was killed during the Exodus. His devotion to the Greek cause symbolizes European solidarity.

Effect: +1 Ammunition

George Norman

philhellene1795–1827

British officer George Norman was a member of the Philhellenic expedition. He helped organize the defense and transport supplies to the besieged.

Effect: +1 Food

Samuel Gridley Howe

philhellene1801–1876

American doctor Samuel Gridley Howe came to Greece as a volunteer and provided medical aid to the defenders. After the war, he helped with reconstruction.

Effect: +1 Fighter

Opponent Commanders

Kiutahis (Reshid Mehmed Pasha)

enemy1780–1836

Kiutahis was the Ottoman general who directed the siege of Missolonghi. Known for his ruthlessness, he pressed the defenders relentlessly for months.

Effect: -1 Food

Ibrahim Pasha

enemy1789–1848

Ibrahim Pasha, son of Muhammad Ali of Egypt, brought the powerful Egyptian army to the Peloponnese. His presence dramatically increased military pressure on the Greeks.

Effect: -1 Ammunition

6. Quiz Questions (25 Total)

Question 1

In what year did the final siege and exodus of Missolonghi take place?

A. 1821
B. 1824
C. 1826
D. 1830

Explanation: The Great Exodus occurred on the night of April 10-11, 1826.

Question 2

Christos Kapsalis is remembered in history for what act?

A. Leading a cavalry charge
B. Negotiating surrender
C. Blowing himself up with opponents
D. Escaping by sea

Explanation: Kapsalis detonated a powder magazine, killing himself and surrounding Ottoman soldiers.

Question 3

Who was the Ottoman general directing the siege of Missolonghi?

A. Suleiman Pasha
B. Reshid Mehmed Pasha
C. Ali Pasha
D. Mahmud II

Explanation: Reshid Mehmed Pasha (Kiutahis) commanded the Ottoman forces during the siege.

Question 4

What body of water is Missolonghi located near?

A. Aegean Sea
B. Ionian Sea
C. Gulf of Patras
D. Sea of Crete

Explanation: Missolonghi is situated on the northern shore of the Gulf of Patras in western Greece.

Question 5

Who brought the Egyptian army to assist the Ottomans in the Peloponnese?

A. Muhammad Ali
B. Ibrahim Pasha
C. Abbas Pasha
D. Said Pasha

Explanation: Ibrahim Pasha, son of Muhammad Ali of Egypt, led the Egyptian forces against the Greeks.

Question 6

What was the main reason the defenders decided to attempt the exodus?

A. They received orders to retreat
B. Starvation made continued defense impossible
C. The walls were destroyed
D. They wanted to join another army

Explanation: After months of siege, starvation and disease forced the desperate breakout attempt.

Question 7

Christos Kapsalis (Drakos) is remembered for what act during the fall?

A. Leading a cavalry charge
B. Negotiating surrender
C. Blowing himself up with opponents
D. Escaping by sea

Explanation: Kapsalis detonated a powder magazine, killing himself and surrounding Ottoman soldiers.

Question 8

The Greek War of Independence began in which year?

A. 1815
B. 1821
C. 1826
D. 1832

Explanation: The Greek Revolution began on March 25, 1821.

Question 9

What was the term used for European volunteers who fought for Greece?

A. Legionnaires
B. Philhellenes
C. Crusaders
D. Mercenaries

Explanation: Philhellenes ('lovers of Greece') were foreign volunteers who supported Greek independence.

Question 10

How many times was Missolonghi besieged during the Greek War of Independence?

A. Once
B. Twice
C. Three times
D. Four times

Explanation: Missolonghi endured three sieges: 1822-1823, 1823, and 1825-1826.

Question 11

What role did Markos Botsaris play in the defense?

A. Naval commander
B. Souliote war leader and hero
C. Foreign diplomat
D. Religious leader

Explanation: Markos Botsaris was a legendary Souliote chieftain who inspired the defenders.

Question 12

Approximately how many people attempted the exodus from Missolonghi?

A. About 1,000
B. About 3,000
C. About 7,000
D. About 15,000

Explanation: Around 7,000 people — soldiers and civilians — attempted the breakout.

Question 13

What happened to most of those who attempted the exodus?

A. Most escaped successfully
B. Most were killed or captured
C. Most returned to the city
D. Most surrendered peacefully

Explanation: Tragically, the plan was betrayed and most were killed or captured. Only about 1,000 escaped.

Question 14

Which country provided the Egyptian troops that fought alongside the Ottomans?

A. Persia
B. Tunisia
C. Egypt
D. Morocco

Explanation: Egypt, under Muhammad Ali, sent a powerful army led by his son Ibrahim Pasha.

Question 15

Samuel Gridley Howe was a volunteer from which country?

A. France
B. Germany
C. United States
D. Switzerland

Explanation: Samuel Gridley Howe was an American doctor who volunteered to help the Greek cause.

Question 16

What time of day was the exodus attempted?

A. Dawn
B. Midday
C. Night
D. Sunset

Explanation: The exodus was planned for the dark of night to maximize concealment.

Question 17

What did the fall of Missolonghi cause across Europe?

A. Indifference
B. A wave of sympathy for the Greek cause
C. Support for the Ottomans
D. Trade embargoes on Greece

Explanation: The heroic resistance and tragic fall of Missolonghi galvanized European support for Greek independence.

Question 18

Johann Jakob Mayer, who died during the exodus, was from which country?

A. Austria
B. France
C. Switzerland
D. Britain

Explanation: Johann Jakob Mayer was a Swiss Philhellene who fought and died at Missolonghi.

Question 19

What painting by Eugene Delacroix was inspired by events at Missolonghi?

A. Liberty Leading the People
B. Greece on the Ruins of Missolonghi
C. The Raft of the Medusa
D. The Death of Sardanapalus

Explanation: Delacroix painted 'Greece on the Ruins of Missolonghi' in 1826 to honor the fallen city.

Question 20

Greece achieved full independence with the Treaty of Constantinople in which year?

A. 1828
B. 1830
C. 1832
D. 1834

Explanation: The Treaty of Constantinople in 1832 formally recognized Greek independence.

Question 21

What terrain feature made Missolonghi difficult to attack?

A. Mountains
B. Surrounding lagoons and marshes
C. Dense forests
D. Deep river canyons

Explanation: Missolonghi was surrounded by lagoons and marshland, making direct assault difficult.

Question 22

Which European power eventually intervened militarily in the Battle of Navarino (1827)?

A. Austria alone
B. Britain, France, and Russia
C. Prussia and Spain
D. Sweden and Denmark

Explanation: A combined British, French, and Russian fleet destroyed the Ottoman-Egyptian fleet at Navarino.

Question 23

What was the primary weapon used by Greek defenders during the siege?

A. Cavalry lances
B. Muskets and cannons
C. Crossbows
D. Swords only

Explanation: The defenders relied on muskets and artillery, though ammunition was scarce.

Question 24

Lambros Tzavellas was a chieftain of which warrior group?

A. Maniots
B. Souliotes
C. Klephts
D. Armatoles

Explanation: Lambros Tzavellas was a Souliote chieftain who fought bravely at Missolonghi.

Question 25

What date is celebrated in Greece as the anniversary of the exodus?

A. March 25
B. April 10
C. October 28
D. January 1

Explanation: April 10 commemorates the heroic exodus of Missolonghi in 1826.

7. End Screen Text

Victory

Congratulations! You have completed the Great Exodus. You have served your country well.

Defeat

You have lost the Great Exodus. Try again next time.

Reflection Questions

  • Was cooperation important?
  • Could the escape have been better planned?
  • Which resources mattered most?
  • What would you change if you played again?
  • What did you learn about the Siege of Missolonghi?